Building inspection and measurement device

ABSTRACT

An inspection and measurement device includes a body defining a first planar face within a first bounded area, a first reference feature disposed on the first planar face within the first bounded area and corresponding with a first measurable parameter, and at least a second reference feature disposed on the first planar face within the first bounded area and corresponding with a second measurable parameter. The first and second reference features are positioned within the first bounded area for placement adjacent an element bearing the respective one of the first and second measurable parameters. The first and second reference features overlap within the first bounded area in at least one direction.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) and thebenefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/776,664 entitled“BUILDING INSPECTION AND MEASUREMENT DEVICE,” filed on Dec. 7, 2018, byGregory E. Lowitz, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated hereinby reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to building inspection andmeasurement, including in the areas of inspection and damage measurementand assessment in the fields of construction, structural and civilengineering, forensic analysis, code compliance, property management,and insurance-claims adjustment. More particularly, the inventionrelates to a single device with reference features for measuring anumber of associated parameters related to building inspection andmeasurement.

BACKGROUND

Visual gauges and other measuring devices are important tools of thetrade for constructors, engineers, code-compliance inspectors, home andbuilding inspectors, property managers, and insurance adjusters.Historically, professionals have carried a number of bulky,single-purpose tools, each optimized for a specific measurement task.Examples include tape measures, rulers, slope levels, protractors,calipers, thickness gauges, and the like. To help address thischallenge, the applicant of the present invention disclosure offers awallet-sized gauge (sold under the CRACKMON® 224R name by Buildera™ ofRedwood City, Ca. and available atbuildera.com/crackmon-224r-crack-width-comparator/) that combines threemeasurement functions including a ruler, crack-width comparator, andslope indicator in a flexible snap-off card similar in size to a creditcard. While very useful for measuring cracks and separations infoundations, a gauge with more space and larger dimensions would be ableto include additional useful functions relevant to additional fieldswherein measurement is needed, such as for building professionals andinsurance adjusters.

For many building inspection and code compliance applications, fieldinspectors and the like desire to carry fewer tools, especially wheninspecting damp crawlspaces and basements for cracks in foundations,roofs for hail damage, and other areas with restricted access orpotentially hazardous working conditions. Moreover, professionals want asolution that is cost effective, lightweight, all-weather capable,resistant to breakage and corrosion, and easy to clean and maintain withordinary soap and water. Many tools and gauges with moving mechanicalcomponents require lubricants and caustic cleaning solutions to maintaintrouble-free operation. Failure to maintain such tools lowers theirusable lifespan, thereby increasing the lifetime cost of ownership.

Moreover, there is a gray market of substandard building materials—suchas mechanical fasteners—that fall short of specified size and strengthstandards. For example, ASTM Standard F1667-18 Standard Specificationfor Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes, and Staples (available from ASTMInternational: astm.org/Standards/F1667.htm) defines the size andwire-gauge diameter of structural fasteners, such as nails, spikes andstaples. Examples of potentially dangerous goods include imported nailsand other substandard fasteners that may be shorter or thinner thanspecified, leading to potential structural failure during a naturaldisaster, such as an earthquake, hurricane, flood, or other high-impactevent. Fast incoming inspection and forensic post-mortem analysis offasteners such as common nails are essential to ensuring code complianceand occupant safety.

In light of the general need to ensure code compliance and providebuilding and damage assessment services, there remains a need for aninexpensive, lightweight, all-weather capable, pocket-sized, durable,go/no-go measurement tool that satisfies many common inspectionrequirements in a single device with no moving parts. The device shouldbe easy to use, with each function clearly marked and easy to read in arange of lighting conditions, both indoors and outdoors.

SUMMARY

This summary introduces a selection of concepts in a simplified formthat are further described below in the Detailed Description. Thissummary is not intended to identify all the key features of the claimedsubject matter on its own, nor is it intended to be used on its own asan aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

The present disclosure provides home and building inspectors,constructors, engineers, code-compliance officials, property managers,and insurance adjusters with a combined inspection and measurementdevice with at least four or more distinct measurement functions thatmeet the objectives of being inexpensive, lightweight, all-weathercapable, pocket-sized, durable, easy to maintain, and easy to use.

In one aspect of the disclosure, a combined inspection and measurementdevice builds on the applicant's prior art that measures distance, crackwidth, and slope, to now include additional measurements of either orboth hail-impact diameter and common nail sizes—all measurements thathave historically required dedicated measurement devices and gauges.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an inspection andmeasurement device includes a body defining a first planar face within afirst bounded area, a first reference feature disposed on the firstplanar face within the first bounded area and corresponding with a firstmeasurable parameter, and a second reference feature disposed on thefirst planar face within the first bounded area and corresponding with asecond measurable parameter. The first and second reference features arepositioned within the first bounded area for placement adjacent anelement bearing the respective one of the first and second measurableparameters. The first and second reference features overlap within thefirst bounded area in at least one direction. In various aspects, thefirst reference feature may be selected from the group consisting of: aplurality of tick marks extending over and equally distributed among apredetermined linear area for measuring length; a plurality of marks ofincreasing width extending over a linear area for measuring crack andmaterial width; a plurality of lines extending from an apex at apredetermined length and distributed over a predetermined angular rangefor measuring relative slope between two features; and, a plurality ofconcentric semi-circular elements radiating from a center and extendingoutward over an area for measuring hail-impact diameter. Further, thesecond reference feature may be another from the listed group.Additionally, or alternatively, the second reference feature may includea nail gauge array accompanied by a conversion chart between CommonNails and Box Nails.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an inspection andmeasurement device includes a transparent body defining a first planarface within a first bounded area and a second planar face spaced apartfrom the first planar face, a first reference feature disposed on thefirst planar face within the first bounded area and corresponding with afirst measurable parameter, an opaque layer disposed on the first planarface over the first reference feature, and a second reference featuredisposed on the opaque layer and corresponding with a second measurableparameter. The first and second reference features are positioned withinthe first bounded area for placement adjacent an element bearing therespective one of the first and second measurable parameters, the firstreference feature is visible through the transparent body from towardthe second planar face, and the second reference feature is visible fromtoward the first planar face.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method forfabricating an inspection and measurement device includes printing atransparent substrate with a printed layer having a solid sub-layer andfirst and second graphical sub-layers, each including at least oneprinted reference feature, on opposite sides of the solid sub-layer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description ofthe invention, will be better understood when read in conjunction withthe appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the invention,there are shown in the drawings, certain embodiment(s) which arepresently preferred. It should be understood, however, that theinvention is not limited to the precise arrangements andinstrumentalities shown. Drawings are not necessarily to scale. Certainfeatures of the invention may be exaggerated in scale or shown inschematic form in the interest of clarity and conciseness.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a front-bottom perspective view of a building inspection andmeasurement device;

FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of a building inspection andmeasurement device;

FIG. 3 is a rear elevation view of a building inspection and measurementdevice;

FIG. 4 is a right side elevation view of a building inspection andmeasurement device; and

FIG. 5 is a bottom plan view of a building inspection and measurementdevice.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Before the subject invention is described further, it is to beunderstood that the invention is not limited to the particularembodiments of the invention described below, as variations of theparticular embodiments may be made and still fall within the scope ofthe appended claims. It is also to be understood that the terminologyemployed is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments, and isnot intended to be limiting. Instead, the scope of the present inventionwill be established by the appended claims.

Where a range of values is provided, it is understood that eachintervening value, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit unlessthe context clearly dictates otherwise, between the upper and lowerlimit of that range, and any other stated or intervening value in thatstated range, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lowerlimits of these smaller ranges may independently be included in thesmaller ranges, and are also encompassed within the invention, subjectto any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the statedrange includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either orboth of those included limits are also included in the invention.

In this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,”“an” and “the” include plural reference unless the context clearlydictates otherwise.

A building inspection and measurement device with a multiplicity ofgauges is illustrated in the drawings and generally designated 100. Withreference to FIGS. 1-5, the illustrated example of the buildinginspection and measurement device 100 includes a body 101 defining afirst planar face 103 within a first bounded area. Particularly, asshown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first planar face 103 is a lower face inwhich the face 103 is defined within and bounded by the top edge 110,right edge 111, bottom edge 112, left edge 113, and radiused corners 114of the body 101. A first reference feature, as discussed further belowin connection with specific examples thereof, is disposed on the firstplanar face 103 within the first bounded area and corresponds with afirst measurable parameter, as described below in connection with thereference features, and a second reference feature is also disposed onthe first planar face 103 within the first bounded area and correspondswith a second measurable parameter. The first and second referencefeatures are positioned within the first bounded area for placementadjacent an element bearing the respective one of the first and secondmeasurable parameters. The first and second reference features overlapwithin the first bounded area in at least one direction 104 or 106.

In various aspects, the first and second reference features may bevarious combinations of a ruler 120 consisting of a plurality of tickmarks 123-128 extending over and equally distributed among apredetermined linear area (e.g. along edge 111 of body 101) formeasuring length, a width gauge 130 consisting of a set of marks 131 ofincreasing width extending over a linear area (e.g. along edge 113 ofbody 101) for measuring crack width and/or material thickness, a slopegauge 140 consisting of a plurality of lines 141,145 extending from anapex 142 at a predetermined length (e.g. about 1 in) and distributedover a predetermined angular range (e.g. +/−15°) for measuring relativeslope between two features, and hail gauge 150 consisting of a pluralityof concentric semi-circular elements (151-156) radiating from a center(e.g. element 156) and extending outward over an area (e.g. the areadefined by element 151) for measuring hail-impact diameter. Additionallyor alternatively, the second reference feature may include a nail gaugearray 220 (FIG. 3) accompanied by a conversion chart (230) betweenCommon Nails and Box Nails.

As mentioned, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, device 100 includes asubstrate or body 101, whose physical boundary is composed of a top edge110, right edge 111, bottom edge 112, left edge 113, radiused corners114. In the present example, an interior hang hole 115 extends through aportion of body 101 adjacent the top edge 110. Hang hole 115 is integralto the device to allow it to hang on a tool rack or belt carabineer. Thehang hole 115 diameter may be between 0.125 inch (3 mm) and 0.375 inch(10 mm), and in one implementation 0.25 inch (6 mm). In one aspect, thebody 101 is made from transparent or opaque thermoplastic such asflexible PETG, polycarbonate or PVC sheet, measuring approximately 6inches (15 cm) long (e.g. between top edge 110 and bottom edge 112) by 2inches (5 cm) wide (e.g. between left edge 113 and right edge 111) orgreater, and between 0.005 inch (0.1 mm) and 0.060 inch (1.5 mm) thick,capable of bending into tight spaces or conforming to irregularsurfaces, such as on or near seams on metal roofing where hail damagemay be present, for example. The dashed-dotted lines represent suchtransparency in the drawings.

In another aspect, the body 101 is made from rigid, non-flexible acrylicor polycarbonate sheet or plate, measuring approximately 6 inches (15cm) long by 2 inches (5 cm) wide or greater, and between 0.060 inches(1.5 mm) and 0.250 inches (6 mm) thick (as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5) orgreater—capable of withstanding repeated drops from a ladder or roofwithout breaking. One suitable thermoplastic material is rigid extrudedor injection-molded polycarbonate of thickness between 0.125 inches (3mm) and 0.188 inches (4.5 mm), such as Monogal GP available from PlazitPolygal. This material offers suitable impact resistance, stability, andan operating temperature range exceeding a functional operating rangebetween at least −40° F. (−40° C.) and +212° F. (100° C.).Material-substrate variations comprehended in the scope of thisdisclosure include, but are not limited to, transparent or coloredopaque co-extruded thermoplastic with UV and anti-glare layers forimproved field durability and high-contrast photographic imagesnecessary for inspection documentation. Moreover, although oneembodiment is shown as a rectangular shape with a 3:1 aspect ratio,other rectangular aspect ratios and perimeter shapes are comprehended,such as longer or shorter rectangular dimensions, or triangular or otherpolygonal perimeters optimized for overall surface area and edgeavailability for different measurement requirements.

The building inspection device 100 is not limited to implementationshaving a smooth border (i.e. defined by straight side edges 111-113) andmay include cutouts, holes and other patterns suitable for a givenmeasurement function. For example, one or more edges 111-113 may includea multiplicity of sized semicircular cutouts or scallops to measure nailor fastener wire gauges. Alternatively, full circular holes may bedrilled, routed, or molded into the interior portion of the body 103 fortesting of fastener compliance. Similar holes, including optional tappedholes, may be employed to estimate screw diameters and thread pitch inImperial or metric units, or both. Such holes or edge scallops may alsobe used to estimate wire gauge of electrical wires, such as, but notlimited to, common wire sizes including 10, 12 and 14 AWG or theirmetric equivalents, for example. With appropriate layout and placementof each measurement function it is possible to provide a singleinspection and measurement device of compact size that supports four ormore concurrent measurement functions, as discussed herein.

As shown in FIG. 4, edge 111 may be square so as to be perpendicular toboth the bottom surface 103 and the opposite top surface 108 or may beangled inward from the bottom surface 103 to the top surface 108 suchthat the substrate 101 is tapered along the bottom view shown in FIG. 5in a direction from the bottom surface 103 to the opposite top surface108. The substrate 101 is shaded with dashed-dotted lines to show thetransparency of the material of substrate 101. As further shown in FIG.5, the edges 111 and 113 may also be square. Alternatively edges 111 and113 may be angled inward with respect to the bottom surface 103 suchthat substrate 101 is tapered inward from the bottom surface 103 upward.

In yet another aspect, the device 100 may be constructed to allow theuser to finely modify—by light sanding or trimming of the substrate 103along one of the edges, such as top edge 110—the relative starting pointof the measurement, such as ruler 120, from the edge 110 of the devicefor precise measurement of lippage. In the present context, the“lippage” is defined as the relative difference in level betweenadjacent floor tiles or other surfaces such as cracked slabs andwalkways, which could cause accidental trip hazards.

Another substrate 103 variation contemplates replacing the thermoplasticwith metal, such as titanium, anodized aluminum, steel or stainlesssteel, for example. While heavier and more expensive to produce, metalsubstrates offer the benefit of lower thermal coefficient of linearexpansion by a factor of five to 10 when compared to commonthermoplastic resins such as acrylic or polycarbonate. The presentdisclosure comprehends a wide range of available material substrates andis not limited to the examples listed above. For example, Schott AGZERODUR® Class 2 has near-zero thermal expansion coefficient of 0.1ppm/° C. or less, and is described as an “inorganic, non-porous LithiumAluminum Silicon oxide glass ceramic characterized by evenly-distributednano-crystals within a residual glass phase.” Other glass products, suchas tempered glass, laminated safety glass, and ultra-low expansion glass(e.g. glass available under the designation “ULE”, from Corning,incorporated) also offer suitable thermal characteristics wheredimensional stability is desired over a very wide temperature range.

The front elevation view of FIG. 2 depicts an example device 100 withfour measurement gauges (which may also be referred to as individualreference features) on one face 103 of the body 101, such face 103defining an area bounded by the respective edges 110, 111, 112, 113 ofthe device 100, such gauges being useable for assessing respectivemeasurable parameters using device 100, namely, the above-describedgraduated ruler 120 to measure distance (length), a crack andmaterial-width gauge 130 to measure width and thickness of cracks andbuilding material cross sections, a slope gauge 140 to measure relativeangular offset compared to a reference plane, and a hail gauge 150 tomeasure the diameter of indentations caused from hail impact ofmalleable surfaces, such as metal roofs and panels. As discussed, theincluded gauges overlap in various ways to fit the gauges within thebounded area of face 103. In particular, the ruler 120 and width gauge130 are separated in direction 104 such that they overlap in direction106 and the slope gauge 140 partially overlaps with both the ruler 120and width gauge 130 in direction 106. As further shown, the hail gauge150 overlaps with width gauge 130 in direction 106 and with slope gauge140 in direction 104, as well as with the ruler 120 in both directions104 and 106.

In the illustrated example, substrate 101 is a generally transparentmaterial, such that the included gauges and other featured, discussedbelow, can be printed on lower surface 103. In this arrangement, therelevant one of the gauges can be positioned adjacent the feature to-bemeasured by placing surface 103 in contact with the feature such thatthe gauge is generally flush with the feature, which improves accuracyby reducing parallax. As further shown, the gauges are positioned withina generally opaque portion of the device 100 such that the visualcharacteristics and markings on the measured feature do not interferewith the visualization of the gauge markings. To provide improvedopacity, a solid color (e.g., white) ink layer 160 partially underlays aCMYK print layer composed of measurement gauges 120, 130, 140 and 150.An optional transparent gutter 165 separates the perimeter boundary ofthe white layer 160 from the left and right edges 113 and 111,respectively with portions of the ruler 120 and width gauge 130extending into the gutter for feature visualization in comparison withthe gauges. In this aspect, the opaque layer 160 may be terminated shortof the left 113 and/or right 111 edges by, for example, about 0.125 (3mm) to 0.25 inch (6 mm), and, in one embodiment, at 0.188 inch (4.5 mm)of the measurement device to define the gutters 165. This arrangementtakes advantage of the transparency of the thermoplastic withsignificant measurement lines, such as ruler tick marks 121-128 andcrack-width marks 131 may span the both the transparent gutter 165 aswell as a portion of the opaque layer 160, which may improve thelegibility of the marks, as well as the optical comparison to theunderlying surface, such as a concrete wall with a crack, for example.The opaque layer 160 may also reveal only one transparent edge/gutter165, with the opposing edge 111 or 113 being fully opaque. Nothingherein limits the terminal boundary or position of the white layer,which may be modified to suit the measurement needs and choice ofsubstrate material.

In the illustrated example, ruler 120 is composed of a fine zeroreference line 121 concentrically shrouded by a thicker but equal lengthreference line 122 that spans from the left edge 113 to the right edge111 boundaries. In one example, the zero reference line 121 can be blackwith the thicker reference line 122 being red. It is noted that allcolors herein are exemplary and, in certain aspects, may provide fordesirable identification and visual distinction among such features. Invarious implementations, the contrasting areas depicted in the drawingsin various shades of gray may be colored using a variety ofmutually-contrasting colors. Major tick marks 123 (e.g., in red) and 124(e.g., in black) repeat at graduated intervals, such as 1 inch or 1centimeter. Intermediate minor tick marks 125 occur midway between majortick marks and reduce in size proportionately smaller in length andwidth as the distance between intermediate tick marks decreases. Finerintermediate tick marks 126-128 occur midway between adjacent minor tickmarks in decreasing succession. The center of ruler 120 may bepositioned to coincide with the vertical center of the inspection andmeasurement device, with a small gap at the top and bottom edges 110 and112, respectively, to allow for manufacturing tolerances that may bepresent in the printing process. Measurement enumerations and otherrelated text 129 are shown by way of example only and may be modified oromitted within the scope of the device 100, as presently disclosed. Tickmarks 123-128 and enumerations 129 may be scaled and/or re-positioned toreflect differences between Imperial and metric scales, for example.

In another aspect, ruler 120 is disposed along the right edge 111 of thebody 101, which may be at least 6 inches (150 mm) long, with major tickmarks 124 in red ink with a center black line 123, so as todifferentiate major tick marks from smaller tick marks 125-128. Thelength of the minor tick marks 125-128 reduces as they become smaller,as does the tick-mark 125-128 width. The combination of these twochanges in tick-mark 125-128 length and width dimensions may providefast and accurate measurement ability in the use of device 100.

Crack Gauge 130 may be composed of a multitude of equal-length parallellines 131 of monotonically increasing line widths 131 intersecting theleft edge 113 at the perimeter boundary and overlapping both thetransparent gutter 165 and white layer 160. In some aspects, the whitelayer 160 may optionally extend fully to the left edge 113, right edge111 or both edges. Again, the illustrated enumerations 139 and relatedtext are exemplary only and may be modified, adjusted, or omitted withinthe scope of the device 100, as disclosed. Crack widths and enumerationsmay be scaled and/or re-positioned to reflect differences betweenImperial and metric scales, for example, from as small as 0.001 inch(0.025 mm) to at least 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) or more, in increments assmall as 0.001 inch or greater.

Slope Gauge 140 may be composed of a thick (e.g., red) zero referenceline 145 and (e.g., black) graduated angular lines 141 at plus/minus5-degree angular offsets from the zero reference line 145 (which may bered, for example) and intersecting at an apex 142 positioned partiallyalong the zero reference line 141. Although a total of six angular lines145 are shown, various particular embodiments may include fewer or moreangular lines 145, limited, for example, by the dimensions andlegibility of such configurations. The slope gauge 140 may be surroundedby a transparent area 165 extending within the opaque layer 160 tofacilitate alignment of the reference line 141 with the sloped lineagainst the structure/feature to be measured. Again, enumerations 149and related text are exemplary only and may be modified, adjusted, oromitted within the scope of the disclosure. The slope gauge 140 canmeasure at least +/−15 degrees of slope relative to reference line 141,in angular increments of 5-degrees, or less. Larger measurement rangesand smaller increments are possible, such as to measure roof pitch, andare comprehended in this disclosure and are limited only by the overallgauge dimensions. Nothing is intended to restrict the potential rangeand resolution of angular measurements, which, theoretically, couldcover a complete 360-degree range in 1-degree increments, for example.

Hail Gauge 150 may be composed of multiple, concentric, semicirculargraduated diameters 151-156 of contrasting or otherwise clearlydelineated appearance (e.g., alternating between blue and white,respectively) and, in one example, extending to overlap the ruler 120and its tick marks 123-128 along the right edge 111 of body 103.Enumerations 159 and related text are exemplary only and may bemodified, adjusted, or omitted within the scope of the disclosure. Hailgauge 150 may be positioned at the center of the right 111 or left edge113 of the graduated linear ruler 120, depending on the orientation ofthe ruler 120, for example. The hail gauge 150, as shown in the exampleof FIG. 2, includes rings alternating in appearance (e.g., in color) todenote hail-impact diameters between 0.5 inch (13 mm) or less and 3inches (76 mm) or greater. By overlapping the hail gauge 150 onto ruler120, finer measurements of hail-impact diameter are possible by countingminor tick marks 125-128 on the ruler 120 that fall between the coloredrings 151-156. In another example, the position of the hail gauge 150may be shifted from the center of the ruler 120 edge (e.g., right edge111) to instead start at the beginning of the ruler at the 0″ mark(i.e., adjacent top edge 110. In other examples, the hail gauge 150 maybe at other useful or desired positions along either edge 111 or 113.

Notably, the measurement device 100 may include a plurality of theabove-described measurement features or gauges, which may be describedas including or otherwise comprising reference features particularlysuited for assessing a respective “measurable parameter” (e.g., length,as measured or assessed using the ruler 120 tick marks 121-128, or hailimpact diameter, as measured by the rings 151-156 of hail gauge 150,etc.). In one implementation, all of the above-described referencefeatures may be included on the device 100, allowing the device 100 tobe used to assess all of the respectively-associated parameters, withthe reference features being overlapped, stacked, nested, or otherwisearranged in both the lateral 104 and longitudinal 106 directions of thesubstrate 103 with respect to each other to include the referencefeatures within the above-described dimensions of the device 100.Notably, such an arrangement allows for the device 100 to be smallerthan the measurement dimensions provided by the sum of the individualreference features in one or both of the latitudinal 104 or longitudinal106 directions.

FIG. 3 shows the rear (back) side of the device 100 illustrating anotheraspect, wherein the device 100 utilizes both sides of the opaque layer160. In such an arrangement, the device 100 is configured to be usedwith the top side 108 oriented upward or away from the measured featureto measure distances, slopes, crack width and material thickness,hail-impact diameter, as discussed above, by visualizing the side of theopaque layer 160 facing surface 108 through the transparent body 101. Onthe reverse side of opaque layer 160, additional reference features maybe included (e.g., by printing on opaque layer 160) for measurement ofcommon-nail length and width via visual comparison. The components andreference features of the outside surface of opaque layer 160 (i.e.,away from surface 108) not already referenced in FIG. 1 or 2 may includea nail gauge 220, a nail head reference line 221 (printed, for example,in black), a nail conversion chart 230, and an additional layer 260 (inanother solid color layer, such as dark gray) superimposed over theopaque layer 160. The nail gauge 220 may comprise at least 12 graduatednail sizes (e.g. 2 d to 20 d) and widths corresponding to common nailsizes. The nail length 228 in inches or millimeters may be impositionednear the tip of each nail, and the nominal nail size may appear justbelow each diamond tip. Table 230 may also be included and may provide across-reference between box nails and common nail sizes by multiplyingthe number of common nails by a ratio and rounding up to the nearestwhole number to obtain the equivalent number of box nails. This can beused to help achieve comparable structural integrity if common nails arenot available. Enumerations 228, 229 and 239, and related text areexemplary only, including by showing exemplary placement of suchfeatures, and may be modified, adjusted, or omitted within the scope ofthe disclosure. Area 240 may be allocated for a QR code which, when usedin conjunction with a mobile device or QR code reader, may direct theuser to an instruction manual and/or user guide. The broken line of area240 is used to indicate a possible area for positioning of the QR codeand may be modified or omitted within the scope of the presentdisclosure. In one aspect, a user can scan a QR code within the area 240to access online documentation, user instructions and examples, as wellas code-specific requirements and updates. In another aspect, there isspace on the front or back side for a company logo, which may becustomized for various markets and constituents. In another aspect, aunique serial ID or other variable data may be printed for engineeringtraceability, which may be useful in litigation and legal proceedingsrelating to structural damage or insurance claims.

In another aspect, to achieve the above-described arrangement of thevarious gauges with respect to the opaque layer 160 and the surfaces103, 108 of body 103, the device 100 can be fabricated including aback-printed multi-layer UV printing process in at least three separateink layers, consisting of a first four-color layer of cyan, magenta,yellow and black (CMYK) that includes ruler 120, width gauge 130, slopegauge 140 and hail gauge 150, including the various associated markings,a second layer consisting of the above-described opaque layer 160printed over the first layer with one or more applications of opaquewhite, for example. The printing process can then be followed by thirdlayer 260 of black ink grayscale or color (CMYK) including the nailgauge 220, conversion chart 230, and QR-code area 240. The combinationand selection of colors for each such layer may optimize overallopacity, prevent bleed-through from one side to the other, as well asimprove legibility of scales and ease-of-use by incorporating color.Moreover, by back-printing all layers (e.g. on surface 103) in a singlepass, color registration may be improved between layers, cost may bereduced (compared to multiple printing passes), and parallax may beeliminated when viewing from the transparent front-side 108 of thedevice 100. To improve opacity even further, one or more additionalopaque (e.g. white) layers may be back printed and superimposed afterthe first opaque layer 160. While UV printing is one possible printingmethod, this disclosure comprehends other printing and marking methodsoptimized for the material and manufacturing process. These may includebut are not limited to pad printing, offset printing, screen printingand laser marking, for example.

In yet another aspect, one or a plurality of replaceable bubble-levelvials and/or fine-slope indicators may be removably affixed to theinspection and measuring device in a vertical, horizontal, and/orangular position relative to the device edges 110, 111, 112, or 113.

It is to be understood that variations and modifications can be made onthe aforementioned structure, its use, and fabrication without departingfrom the concepts of the present invention, and further it is to beunderstood that such concepts are intended to be covered by thefollowing claims unless these claims by their language expressly stateotherwise.

The above description is considered that of the illustrated embodimentsonly. Modifications of the device will occur to those skilled in the artand to those who make or use the device. Therefore, it is understoodthat the embodiments shown in the drawings and described above is merelyfor illustrative purposes and not intended to limit the scope of thedevice, which is defined by the following claims as interpretedaccording to the principles of patent law, including the Doctrine ofEquivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. An inspection and measurement device, comprising:a body defining a first planar face within a first bounded area and asecond planar face opposite the first planar face; a first referencefeature disposed on the first planar face within the first bounded areaand corresponding with a first measurable parameter; a second referencefeature disposed on the first planar face within the first bounded areaso as to face the second planar face and corresponding with a secondmeasurable parameter; wherein: the first and second reference featuresare positioned within the first bounded area for placement adjacent anelement bearing the respective one of the first and second measurableparameters; and the first and second reference features overlap withinthe first bounded area in at least two perpendicular directions; and thefirst and second reference features are printed on opposite sides of aprinting layer applied on the first surface.
 2. The device of claim 1,wherein: the at least one direction is a first direction; and the firstbounded area has a first dimension in the first direction correspondingwith a dimension of one of the first and second reference features inthe first direction, the other of the first and second referencefeatures overlapping with the one of the first and second referencefeatures along the first direction.
 3. The device of claim 1, wherein:the first and second reference features occupy respective areas of thefirst bounded area, each of the respective areas having a length in asecond direction perpendicular to the first direction; and the firstbounded area has a length in the second direction of at least a sum ofthe lengths in the second direction of the areas of the first and secondreference features.
 4. The device of claim 3, further including a thirdreference feature disposed on the first planar face within the firstbounded area, corresponding with a third measurable parameter, andhaving a length in the second direction, wherein: the length of thefirst bounded area in the second direction is less than a sum of therespective lengths in the second direction of the first, second, andthird reference features.
 5. The device of claim 4, wherein: the body istransparent and further defines a second surface opposite first surface;and at least the first reference feature faces the second surface. 6.The device of claim 1, wherein the second reference feature faces awayfrom a second surface.
 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the printinglayer includes at least one white printed sub-layer.
 8. The device ofclaim 7, wherein: the first bounded area is defined by at least one edgeof the body; and the white printed sub-layer is spaced away from theedge.
 9. The device of claim 1, wherein the first and second referencefeatures are included in respective colored printing sub-layers.
 10. Thedevice of claim 1, further including: a third reference feature disposedon the first planar face within the first bounded area and correspondingwith a third measurable parameter; and a fourth reference featuredisposed on the first planar face within the first bounded area andcorresponding with a fourth measurable parameter.
 11. The device ofclaim 1, wherein the first and second reference features each comprise aseries of visually-related graphical features arranged according to therespective first and second measurable parameters.
 12. The device ofclaim 1, wherein the first reference feature is selected from the groupconsisting of: a plurality of tick marks extending over and equallydistributed among a predetermined linear area for measuring length; aplurality of marks of increasing width extending over a linear area formeasuring crack and material width; a plurality of lines extending froman apex at a predetermined length and distributed over a predeterminedangular range for measuring relative slope between two features; and aplurality of concentric semi-circular elements radiating from a centerand extending outward over an area for measuring hail-impact diameter.13. The device of claim 12, wherein the second reference featureincludes a nail gauge array accompanied by a conversion chart betweenCommon Nails and Box Nails.
 14. An inspection and measurement device,comprising: a transparent body defining a first planar face within afirst bounded area and a second planar face spaced apart from the firstplanar face; a first reference feature disposed on the first planar facewithin the first bounded area and corresponding with a first measurableparameter; an opaque layer disposed on the first planar face over thefirst reference feature; and a second reference feature disposed on theopaque layer and corresponding with a second measurable parameter;wherein: the first and second reference features are positioned withinthe first bounded area for placement adjacent an element bearing therespective one of the first and second measurable parameters; the firstreference feature is visible through the transparent body from towardthe second planar face; and the second reference feature is visible fromtoward the first planar face.
 15. A method for fabricating an inspectionand measurement device, comprising: printing a transparent substratewith a printed layer having a solid sub-layer and first and secondgraphical sub-layers, each including at least one printed referencefeature, on opposite sides of the solid sub-layer.
 16. The method ofclaim 15, wherein the printed layer is printed on the transparentsubstrate by a single ink-applying pass.
 17. The method of claim 16,wherein: the transparent substrate defines an edge; the solid sub-layeris spaced apart from the edge; and at least one of the first and secondgraphical sub-layers has a portion that extends to the edge.